With Christmas right around the corner, you might be thinking it is time to buy yourself a new computer. Picking the best computer means different things to different people. If you are buying a computer for word processing tasks and sending and receiving emails, you will probably be happy with a lower-end system. If you are a digital artist, will spend a lot of time surfing the internet, or are heavy into gaming, you probably want a bigger, faster system. First, think about what you are going to be using the computer for, and what your price range is, and then begin your shopping. If you are a first time buyer, stick with a brand name such as Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Compaq, Sony or eMachines. Remember, you get what you pay for. If the price is really cheap, most likely the components are really cheap.

You should try to buy as much PC as you can afford. Don't cut corners on the main system unit (monitor, processor, memory, disk space, etc.). If you are short on cash, hold off on the printer or a software application or two that you really don't need right away. Value systems use lower-cost processors such as those in the Intel Celeron or AMD Duron series. These systems can be great for a lighter user.

Below is a description of the main components of a computer and recommended specifications for each. These are just some suggestions to help you feel more comfortable and get you started in your computer shopping.

Memory

The main memory is the working space used by the computer to hold the program that is currently running, along with the data it needs to run programs and process data. The main memory is built from RAM chips. The amount of memory available determines the size of programs that can be run, and whether more than one program can be run at once. Main memory is temporary, and is lost when the computer is turned off. Main memory is one of the most important factors to consider when purchasing a PC. Typical machines today range from about 128 MB of memory to 512 MB of memory. Try to get as much memory as you can afford, but at least 256 MB.

Processor Type and Speed

Central Processing Units (CPUs) execute the instructions that enable your computer to perform its tasks. Intel and AMD are the main players in this field and each offer entry level to power user solutions. Intel's entry level chip is the Celeron and its power user chip is the Pentium 4. AMD's entry level chip is the Duron and its power user chip is the Athlon.

Hard Disk

Measured in gigabytes, this is the actual space on your computer where you store all of your files and data. Most programs are also loaded on the hard disk and it is here that information is retained while the computer is switched off or unplugged. Hard disks range in capacity, but a 40-gigabyte hard drive is now about the minimum offered and should serve most user's needs just fine.

Operating System

The Operating System or OS is the main control program of a computer that schedules tasks, manages storage, and handles communication with peripherals. The Windows XP Home edition should be suitable for most users. If you need to connect to a network or are a more advanced user, you might consider upgrading to Windows XP Professional edition.

CD ROM or DVD ROM Drives

Ideally, you want a system with a CD-RW drive that allows you to record your own CDs either for backing up data, exchanging files or playing and recording music and a separate DVD drive that allows you to play DVDs and CDs. If you can only afford one drive, make it a CD-RW drive. The speed given for a drive (such as 24x) simply means that the drive spins 24 times faster than a normal music CD. Make sure you choose a model with either "Burn Proof" or "Just Link" technology to reduce the incidence of unsuccessful burns.

Video or Graphics Card

The Video or Graphics Card is directly responsible for calculating the color, position and size of every object on your monitor. You want to get a decent card in your system. These cards have their own dedicated memory and more is better. Some programs and games require a 3D card. Get at least 32 megabytes of video memory, unless you are a video maker or a serious gamer.

Sound Card

This is the card that generates all of the sounds the PC makes, including all audio tracks and games. Make sure your system has a SoundBlaster Compatible Audio card.

Monitor

The average monitor size is now 17". Make sure you get a monitor with a dot pitch of .28mm or less (.25mm is ideal). For a flicker-free display, get a monitor with a refresh rate of at least 85Hz. A flat screen monitor will generally produce a clearer image.

Modems

Modems connect your computer to the World Wide Web, as well as allowing you to send and receive data and fax transmissions over the phone. 56K is the standard. Just make sure that it is V.90 compliant.

Ethernet

If you are going to be using a DSL modem, a cable modem or a home network, make sure your PC has a built-in Ethernet networking connection.

USB Connectors

Make sure you have enough USB ports on your computer for all of your peripherals. Many devices are now equipped with USB connectors to allow for the quickest and easiest setup. Such devices include scanners, cameras, mice, joysticks and keyboards. Make sure you get a PC with the new USB 2.0 connectors, that are also known as Hi-Speed USB.

Keyboards and Mice

Standard keyboards usually meet general needs. "Internet" keyboards are popular as they allow common browsing commands to be executed directly from the keyboard. Standard mice are now equipped with three buttons and a wheel. Trackballs may be preferred for some applications, or for users with physical disabilities.

These are just some general suggestions. Make sure you upgrade or downgrade each individual option to meet your specific needs. Also, if you can only afford to purchase a lower-end machine, read the system requirements on the boxes of the software you plan to use on your PC. Make sure you are above the minimums. Another place to start your search is online. Computer manufacturers such as Dell allow you to pick out your dream machine online. You are able to pick out each specific component exactly as you want it and get a price for each component, as well as the total package. This can be very useful for comparison purposes when you are in the stores looking at systems.

Good luck and happy holidays!